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In typical circumstances, water functions as a polar solvent, capable of dissolving the majority of inorganic salts. However, it exhibits minimal solubility or insolubility for gases and the majority of organic substances. The density, dielectric constant, ion product, viscosity, thermal conductivity, diffusion coefficient, and dissolution performance of water undergo significant changes at the supercritical state (T > 374 ℃, P > 22.1 MPa) (Ding et al. in Fuel Process. Technol. 127:33–40, [1]; Huelsman and Savage in Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 14:2900–2910, [2]; Karakuş et al. in Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 38:7298–7306, [3]; Savage in Chem. Rev. 99:603–622, [4]; Selvi et al. in Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 40(2015):11133–11139. [5]), as illustrated in Fig. 1.

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Chemical Reactions of Organic Compounds in Supercritical Water Reactions

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Yang Guo,
  • Donghai Xu,
  • Shuzhong Wang

摘要

In typical circumstances, water functions as a polar solvent, capable of dissolving the majority of inorganic salts. However, it exhibits minimal solubility or insolubility for gases and the majority of organic substances. The density, dielectric constant, ion product, viscosity, thermal conductivity, diffusion coefficient, and dissolution performance of water undergo significant changes at the supercritical state (T > 374 ℃, P > 22.1 MPa) (Ding et al. in Fuel Process. Technol. 127:33–40, [1]; Huelsman and Savage in Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 14:2900–2910, [2]; Karakuş et al. in Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 38:7298–7306, [3]; Savage in Chem. Rev. 99:603–622, [4]; Selvi et al. in Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 40(2015):11133–11139. [5]), as illustrated in Fig. 1.