Strength and conditioning (S&C) is a growing area of expertise in cricket. Whilst S&C is correctly considered part of the Sports Science Sports Medicine (SSSM) team, there is a strong bridge between S&C and coaching with the common aim of performance enhancement. The main focus of S&C coaches is to optimise players’ general and sport-specific performance, with a secondary focus of trying to reduce the occurrence of injuries, recognising that there is sometimes a trade-off between improved fitness and overuse injuries. The S&C coach will use broad knowledge of sports science and associated disciplines to design, deliver and evaluate training programmes to meet the team’s and individuals’ needs. Various factors may influence programme design, including playing position, match format, sex, age, injuries, time and wider athlete support team needs. To underpin programme design and the practices employed by S&C coaches in cricket, they should use research-informed methods that are appropriately applied to real-world settings.