Minimally invasive probes are revolutionizing drug delivery by enhancing precision and reducing patient discomfort. These probes, including needle-based devices, microneedles, nanoparticles, liposomes, and hydrogels, have been developed to target specific sites while minimizing side effects. Their use in cancer treatment, diabetes management, and pain relief highlights their broad clinical applications. Polymeric and biodegradable materials play a key role in constructing these biocompatible devices, while technologies like micro-electromechanical systems and nano-electromechanical systems further improve their functionality. Despite their advantages, challenges remain, such as biocompatibility and safety concerns. Current research is focused on advancing nanotechnology, implantable systems, and artificial intelligence to push the boundaries of minimally invasive drug delivery. With ongoing developments, these technologies promise to enhance patient outcomes and redefine therapeutic strategies in the future.