The literature on the curriculum history of School Sport (SS) highlighting the illustrious and longstanding presence of sport in the public school system is offered in two similar books by the same authors (Collins et al., 1990, 1991). These books served an archival purpose by presenting a broad-brush historical record of SS, as distinct from Physical Education (PE), in New South Wales (NSW) public schools. The scope of these historical records was from 1889 until 1989 to capture the ‘remarkable story’ of SS as part of its centennial anniversary celebration of sports governance (Collins et al., 1990, p. 11). This chapter will argue that the historical and everyday presence of sport within schools, was extended and formalised over time to confirm that SS played a much broader role in the NSW public school system beyond informal play and inter-school competitions. The history will be classified into three periods and begins with Period One (1880–1919), where SS was positioned as a separate entity to the formal curriculum as it was governed by external sports organisations. The consolidation of a games and sport playing culture contributed to the formal recognition of SS in the curriculum during Period Two (1920–1956) and coincided with eugenic preoccupations focused on rebuilding the nation post-World War I (WWI) and World War II (WWII), as noted in the history of PE covered in Chapter Three. Period Three (1957–1989) reflected the ‘golden years’ of SS due to the expansive nature of the types of sports played and the more stringent regulation of sport in the school curriculum. School Sport during these ‘golden years’ complemented ideals of an inclusive ‘sports for all’ culture following increased recognition of the health benefits of participation in sport. Throughout all three periods the history of SS reinforced that the subject was a social institution intrinsic to not only the traditions of attending a public school in NSW, but also the values of the Australian culture.