This study examines the impact of socio-technical factors in the implementation of AI-enabled ICTs in governance. To investigate the research question, we employed Socio-Technical Systems Theory (STS), highlighting the interrelation of social and technical components within organizations. A mixed-method research approach is adopted, which consists of qualitative data collection from news sources and content analysis based quantitative analysis for empirical validation. Our finding indicates a moderate correlation (0.605) between leadership support and stakeholder engagement, emphasizing the influential leadership role in fostering the involvement of other stakeholders in governance, especially in the implementation of AI-driven solutions. Our research indicates the substantial impact of technological infrastructure, user-centered design, human–machine interaction, leadership support, organizational adaptability, and stakeholder engagement on the effective implementation of AI-enabled ICTs in governance. Lastly, the model with interaction terms of technological infrastructure with human–machine interaction and user-centered design improves explanatory power (R2 = 0.180, adjusted R2 = 0.179). This research elucidates the intricate interaction of socio-technical factors and provides insights for practitioners aiming to improve the efficacy and sustainability of AI applications in governance.