The creation and use of writing is an important milestone in the history of human civilization. Before the invention of writing, people communicated ideas and conveyed information through face-to-face conversations within a close distance, which were then spread to others through word of mouth. This kind of transmission, solely relying on memory, was slow and could not be recorded. To improve this situation, various ethnic groups used visual aids such as drawings or knot tying to convey conceptual information over longer distances. These methods also allowed for the recording of events, effectively compensating for the limitations of oral transmission. However, it posed challenge to express more complex ideas, and there was also uncertainty about whether others could accurately grasp the intended meaning of the drawer or knot-tier. Then, human beings created characters as symbols for expression of thoughts and language. The earliest form of writing was abstract and simplified drawings (pictorial writing), which later evolved into hieroglyphs. Through further simplification, deformation, and phonetic transcription, the hieroglyphs developed into ideograms and phonetic writings, which are the characters used today in various countries in the East and West with a history of four to five thousand years so far.