The purpose of this study is to investigate and summarize scientific information on the various factors that encourage negative driving behaviour among commercial transport drivers in Nigeria. Given the rising demand for commercial transportation services and the challenging working conditions faced by drivers in Nigeria, understanding the underlying incentives of negative driving behavior among commercial transport drivers is deemed critical for ensuring road safety, improving transportation efficiency, and lowering the socioeconomic costs associated with road accidents. To achieve the aim of this study, a systematic review was performed, and the following databases were searched: Scopus (Elsevier), Science Direct (Elsevier), Web of Science (Social Sciences Index), and PubMed and Google Scholar searches were conducted simultaneously. The review synthesized empirical evidence from a range of studies published within the past decade. The search strategy employed a combination of keywords to ensure comprehensive coverage of relevant literature. The review identified several key factors influencing negative driving behavior among commercial drivers in Nigeria, including age, lifestyle choices, occupational pressures, enforcement officers’ attitudes, drivers’ experience, and level of education. Younger drivers, alcohol and drug consumption, high demand for services, and negative interactions with law enforcement officers were associated with increased likelihood of negative driving behavior. This review will consolidate existing knowledge on the factors influencing negative driving behavior among commercial transport drivers in Nigeria. The findings will provide evidence-based insights that can inform policy decisions, regulatory frameworks, and interventions to improve road safety, enhance transportation efficiency, and minimize accidents within the commercial transport sector in Nigeria.