Sensors are defined as devices to transform any natural energy into electric energy, such as movement, environment status, image pixels, traffic load of human body biotic signals, varied functions of sensors can build network with distributed and parallel structures. For sensor networks, routing algorithm can be introduced to describe the load balancing and properties of the distributed data collection system. We applied arbiter to adaptive load balancing by alternating each signal in a fair and evenly way to grant, Odd–even turn model is addressed to permit possible path while the fair arbiter select the path to achieve a balanced load distribution. Congestion information is also introduced to reach more balanced load, the congestion-aware routing applied fair arbiter can improve the network performance with under simulations. We also proposed several application fields for sensor network and its load balancing, covering inter-discipline research from human health, environmental protection, traffic regulation, imaging and farming.