In order to explore the impact of the latest human size data on the development of Chinese human physical sign dummies and the injury of Chinese human occupants, two finite element models reflecting Chinese human physical sign dummies of different ages were established using the non-uniform whole segment scaling method based on the data in the Chinese human body size standard GB10000−1988 and GB10000−2023 respectively. The influence of the change of human size standard on the development of Chinese physical dummies was analyzed, and the difference of dynamic and damage response of three dummies under the same frontal collision condition was compared. The results showed that the Chinese physical signs dummy based on the latest 2023 Chinese body size data had a higher risk of head, neck and chest injury than the 1988 Chinese dummy, but still had a lower risk of head, neck, chest and thigh injury than the mixed III dummy.