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With the large-scale development of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics, it means that some conventional generators in the future power system will be phased out. The existing photovoltaic power generation systems and wind turbine units (the mainstream products are variable-speed constant-frequency doubly-fed wind turbines and direct-drive wind turbines) adjust the power output and synchronize with the grid through power electronic converters, and generally work in the maximum power tracking mode. This causes the operation of the power generation equipment to be decoupled from the system frequency and voltage, and it cannot provide auxiliary services such as frequency regulation and voltage regulation like traditional units when the system frequency and voltage change. In this case, if the missing part of the inertia response, frequency and voltage regulation capabilities are not supplemented, it will cause the overall inertia of the power system to decrease, and the frequency and voltage regulation capabilities to weaken, making the system’s frequency and voltage change rate increase, the lowest point decrease, and the steady-state deviation increase under disturbances such as unit disconnection, line failure, and sudden load changes. Frequency and voltage stability issues occur more frequently, bringing new problems to system operation and scheduling. However, photovoltaics and wind power can adjust the operating mode of the power electronic converter to provide the system with certain active/reactive power support, thereby achieving regulation of the system frequency and voltage. Of course, since the output capability of its active/reactive power is directly related to its operating state (light intensity or wind speed), there is a problem of low credibility of frequency and voltage regulation capacity. Therefore, energy storage can be well combined with the self-regulation ability of photovoltaics or wind power to improve the frequency and voltage regulation capabilities of photovoltaics or wind power, making them similar to conventional generator units with auxiliary service functions.

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Wind and Storage Joint Participation in System Frequency and Voltage Regulation

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Xisheng Tang,
  • Zhiping Qi,
  • Li Kong

摘要

With the large-scale development of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics, it means that some conventional generators in the future power system will be phased out. The existing photovoltaic power generation systems and wind turbine units (the mainstream products are variable-speed constant-frequency doubly-fed wind turbines and direct-drive wind turbines) adjust the power output and synchronize with the grid through power electronic converters, and generally work in the maximum power tracking mode. This causes the operation of the power generation equipment to be decoupled from the system frequency and voltage, and it cannot provide auxiliary services such as frequency regulation and voltage regulation like traditional units when the system frequency and voltage change. In this case, if the missing part of the inertia response, frequency and voltage regulation capabilities are not supplemented, it will cause the overall inertia of the power system to decrease, and the frequency and voltage regulation capabilities to weaken, making the system’s frequency and voltage change rate increase, the lowest point decrease, and the steady-state deviation increase under disturbances such as unit disconnection, line failure, and sudden load changes. Frequency and voltage stability issues occur more frequently, bringing new problems to system operation and scheduling. However, photovoltaics and wind power can adjust the operating mode of the power electronic converter to provide the system with certain active/reactive power support, thereby achieving regulation of the system frequency and voltage. Of course, since the output capability of its active/reactive power is directly related to its operating state (light intensity or wind speed), there is a problem of low credibility of frequency and voltage regulation capacity. Therefore, energy storage can be well combined with the self-regulation ability of photovoltaics or wind power to improve the frequency and voltage regulation capabilities of photovoltaics or wind power, making them similar to conventional generator units with auxiliary service functions.