To investigate the mechanical response of Ti/Ti layered structural bolted joints under hydraulic dynamic loading with coupled tensile and torsional shear forces, a finite element simulation model of a single-lap Ti/Ti bolted joint was established using ABAQUS software. The stress distribution and mechanical response curves of the joints were analyzed and compared under varying tensile speeds and torsional angles. The simulation results indicate that the load–displacement curve of the joint exhibits a linear increase in load followed by a gradual increase as tensile displacement increases during elastic deformation (Phase I) and plastic deformation (Phase II). However, in the plastic-yielding phase (Phase III), a higher tensile speed leads to a gradual decline in the bearing load. It was further found that, with increasing tensile speed, the peak load of the joint significantly rises. Additionally, compared to the effect of tensile shear load, the superimposed torsional loading primarily influences the deformation and stress distribution of the plates, having minimal impact on the load-bearing trend and peak load in the tensile direction.