A 2-year-old girl with ventricular septal defect (VSD) was scheduled for cardiac catheterization therapy. Supraventricular tachycardia suddenly occurred during the procedure, which was relieved by stopping the procedure and treated with medications. Once the supraventricular tachycardia was controlled, the surgery went on again until completion eventually. It is well-recognized that transcatheter closure of VSD in pediatric patients is safe and effective. However, severe arrhythmias such as ventricular arrhythmia and supraventricular arrhythmia might occur due to stimulation from surgical procedures or other reasons during the procedure. Timely symptomatic treatment and effective elimination of the cause of induced arrhythmia are the key points of anesthetic management for such patients.