The purpose of acoustic emission detection is to find the acoustic emission source and to obtain as much information as possible about the acoustic emission source, and the results of acoustic emission signal processing and analysis can be used to locate, classify and evaluate structural defects. However, due to the influence of various factors such as the characteristics of the acoustic emission source, the propagation path from the source to the transducer, the characteristics of the transducer and the measurement system of the acoustic emission instrument, the acoustic emission waveform of the acoustic emission transducer is very complex, which is very different from the real acoustic emission source signal, and sometimes even completely different from the true acoustic emission source signal. Acoustic emission source signal refers to the original acoustic emission signal emitted by the acoustic emission source, while the acoustic emission signal usually commonly referred to is the signal received by the acoustic emission sensor after the acoustic emission source signal has passed through various propagation media. It can be seen that the received acoustic emission signal has a certain connection with the real acoustic emission signal, but in the propagation process due to the influence of various factors, the acoustic emission source signal undergoes distortion or deformation to a certain extent. Therefore, the key technology of acoustic emission technology in structural detection and monitoring is how to more accurately obtain the real information of the acoustic emission source based on the electrical signal output from the acoustic emission transducer, realize the localization of the acoustic emission source, make use of the extracted eigenvalues and adopt the pattern recognition method to classify the defects (e.g., cracks, corrosion, etc.) and the assessment of the degree of defects.