To address the challenges of energy recovery and vibration control performance optimization in vehicle suspension systems, this paper proposes a suspension system design based on piezoelectric energy recovery technology and conducts simulation and experimental studies on its characteristics. The system transfers the vibration energy generated during vehicle operation to a piezoelectric energy harvester through a hydraulic system, converting it into electrical energy for storage and utilization. Experimental results show that the maximum root mean square power of this piezoelectric energy harvesting suspension system can reach 0.33 mW under a 5 kΩ load resistance. Simulation analysis indicates that in step excitation vibration tests, the system demonstrates a faster vibration attenuation rate than traditional suspensions and provides greater damping force at low piston speeds. The results of this study offer new ideas and methods for optimizing vehicle suspension systems and provide significant reference value for the application of piezoelectric energy recovery technology in the automotive field.