When performing strength analysis on a locomotive bogie frame, the frame structure is usually analyzed separately, and the constraints and loads are simplified or equivalent, which can lead to problems such as the inability to guarantee the accuracy of the results. This paper first establishes a complete bogie full finite element model (FEM) for frame strength analysis and compares two finite element modeling methods for frame strength calculation. Taking a C0-C0 wide-gauge locomotive as the research object, based on TB/T 3549.1-2019, JIS E 4207–2019 and ГОСТP 55,495-2013 standards, the working principles of the braking, traction and torsional loads are fully considered, and the supernormal and normal operation loading conditions are set. The static strength, fatigue strength and life of the frame are analysed. Results show that the maximum stress values of the full FEM under all calculation conditions are greater than those of the individual model of the frame, but the locations where they appear are different. In addition, from the fatigue life analysis, the service life obtained by the full FEM is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the individual model of the frame. The research of this paper has reference significance for more accurate finite element modeling and provides a theoretical basis for frame strength design, further structural optimization and lightweight.