Architectural built environments (BEs) and their design influence human behavior, cognition, and affective states on many fronts. A 64-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) was utilized to investigate the relationship between early visual processing-based perceptual processes and distinctive spatial configurations (SCs) pertaining to BEs. The study involved 63 participants in three stages: a 360-degree walkthrough exposure, a 20-min arithmetic task, and 120 randomized classroom-BE images systematically captured and presented at standard eye level. The third stage involved millisecond-precise event-locking for the four BEs and two contrasting viewing conditions to study the event-related potentials (ERPs) for early visual modulations between full view (FV) and partial view (PV), given the distinct architectural SCs. Electroencephalographic data focused on the early P1 visual component (80–128 ms) to explore neural responses utilizing ERPs for the two view conditions. Results showed significantly higher P1 amplitudes for FV compared to PV, particularly at parietal-occipital electrodes, suggesting enhanced visual processing for more complete spatial information. Negligible interactions between view and SC indicate that Gestalt principles, which drive perceptual organization, play a more dominant role in shaping early visual responses than specific spatial arrangements. These findings offer insights into how humans visually parse architectural spaces and emphasize the role of Gestalt-driven perceptual organization in shaping spatial experience. Therefore, designing environments that conform to Gestalt principles and provide a fuller perspective can enhance occupants’ visual perceptual processes and spatial experiences, as differing viewing conditions influence early visual brain responses despite varied BE-based spatial configurations (SCs).