This chapter focuses on the traditional clothing culture and textile craftsmanship of Taiwan’s indigenous groups, particularly the Atayal tribe. It outlines the historical and cultural evolution of Taiwan’s minorities, emphasizing clothing as a key medium of material culture and ethnic identity. Atayal weaving patterns, mainly composed of diamonds and stripes, often symbolize ancestral eyes with protective meaning. However, traditional weaving has declined due to the rise of mechanized production. Through an analysis of documents from 1895 to 1945, in the context of notable museum collections, the study examines the structural patterns, color combinations, and geographical distribution of Atayal textiles. The objectives include decoding the modular system of patterns, understanding relationships between pattern forms and tribal migration, and providing visual resources for design. Samples were sourced from museums and private collections in Taiwan and Japan. While subgroups like Seediq and Truku show stylistic differences, their cultural expressions remain closely related. The study ultimately aims to analyze the form and design logic of Atayal textiles, offering insights for preserving and revitalizing intangible cultural heritage in contemporary design contexts.