Renewable energy development has become increasingly critical in the context of global climate change and international carbon reduction commitments. Despite these efforts, greenhouse gas emissions remain high, highlighting the need for scalable clean energy solutions. Due to the intermittent nature of wind and solar power, large-scale energy storage systems are essential for maintaining grid stability and minimizing energy waste. Underground storage technologies, such as compressed air energy storage (CAES), offer a promising solution. Salt caverns are particularly suitable for CAES because of their excellent sealing capability, structural integrity, and self-healing properties. Countries like the United States, Germany, China, and France have made significant advances in CAES development. A key challenge lies in understanding the long-term mechanical behavior of rock salt under cyclic loading conditions. Investigating the creep and fatigue characteristics of rock salt is essential for predicting cavern stability and ensuring the safe operation of underground energy storage systems. This foundational research supports the efficient and reliable deployment of renewable energy storage infrastructure.