This article presents general elements of a citation theory based on the concept of networks (structures) of meaning. From this perspective, citation acts as an operator of meaning, generating structures representing social dynamics in knowledge production. This citation theory allows for observing the trajectories of scientific and humanistic communications. It describes the structural characteristics that lead to the constitution of scientific meaning for both academic and non-academic communities. Initially, the primary debates generated by its use and analysis will be proposed, followed by a theoretical-analytical model of citation in line with the contemporary evolution of its role.