Cell migration, whether occurring at the level of individual cells or as a collective effort, is a vital biological process shaped by the biochemical and biophysical characteristics of the surrounding microenvironment. In single-cell migration, movement is driven by actin-based protrusions, integrin-mediated focal adhesions, and actomyosin contractions, allowing cells to respond to environmental factors such as chemical gradients or substrate stiffness. On the other hand, collective cell migration involves the coordinated movement of interconnected cells within a monolayer, facilitated by structures like E-cadherin-based cell–cell junctions and the actin cytoskeleton. These intercellular interactions enhance the speed, directionality, and efficiency of migration compared to individual cells. Collective migration plays a pivotal role in maintaining tissue structure, remodeling, homeostasis, and in biological processes such as embryogenesis, morphogenesis, wound repair, and cancer metastasis. E-cadherin is crucial for maintaining mechanical stability, force distribution, and intercellular communication during collective migration, while its loss often triggers epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical step in cancer metastasis. Gaining a deeper understanding of the similarities and differences between single-cell and collective migration is key to unraveling the mechanisms behind tissue dynamics and disease development.