The forces and stresses generated by blood flow on the walls of the cardiovascular system play a significant role in the development of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the underlying reasons why arterial diseases tend to occur at specific locations remain a topic of ongoing investigation. This paper offers a concise review of recent progress, particularly over the past decade, in employing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models to simulate blood flow dynamics and its interaction with the arterial wall in the human thoracic aorta (TA). Various approaches for analyzing the human aorta and the factors contributing to disease development are outlined. Comparative details, including methodologies, limitations, results, and key findings from each study, are reviewed. The aim is to inspire computational research that advances cardiovascular health through close collaboration between engineers and clinicians.