This paper discusses the technical principle, field test and effect evaluation of artificial fine parameter adjustment, which is an effective way to improve the efficiency of pumping unit system, reduce energy consumption and extend the production life under the condition of satisfying the labor cost, material cost and production demand. According to the low production and low efficiency of water drive in the middle and late period of oilfield development, and combined with the actual situation of pumping Wells in daily production, through the in-depth analysis of various parameters such as pump efficiency, submergence, stroke, work diagram full degree. After the test, an evaluation mechanism was established to evaluate the adjustment effect of pumping unit with different parameters, including energy saving effect, production situation and subsequent operation. A total of 48 wells were optimized in an operation area of a oil extraction plant, and the fluid production potential of the oil wells was deeply explored. The average daily fluid production was increased, the submergence was restored, and the average power saving rate was increased by 11.95%. At the same time, it provides the design method and theoretical basis for the subsequent rational optimization of pumping well parameters.