Understanding the status and the causes of road accidents is critical to propose solutions to lessen this issue. The current study analyzes the accident data in Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam which is considered as a developing country from 2019 to 2023. Specifically, the descriptive statistical method was applied to provide the accident number in connection with the causes and demographic characteristics of victims. Key findings indicated that between 2019 and 2023, the overall number of accidents and fatalities showed a decreasing trend. The majority of accidents were attributed to driver violations, with a significant rise in accidents on national highways in 2023, possibly due to increased traffic following the COVID-19 pandemic. Traffic violations related to alcohol consumption and speeding increased significantly. Based on the findings, enforcement campaigns and adaptive traffic safety strategies to improve road safety outcomes in Thai Nguyen Province were suggested.