The world's growing energy needs drive the search for alternative sources. Fossil fuels, despite their importance, are unsustainable due to emissions and limited supply. Therefore, renewable sources, such as biomass energy, are gaining attention. Biomass, derived from organic materials, including plants and animals, can be converted into fuels like biocrude through processes, such as hydrothermal liquefaction. Biocrude, comparable to diesel, offers a sustainable fuel alternative. Bibliometric analysis, a tool for quantitative and qualitative assessment of scientific output, was used in this study to investigate contributions from countries, authors, institutions, and highly cited articles, as well as the most frequently occurring keywords in articles, reviews, and conference papers on biocrude oil production and biorefining. The analysis revealed that the United States leads in publications with 343 documents, followed by China with 340 and India with 101. Promising collaborations were noted between the United States and China. The University of Illinois System, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, and Aalborg University were the top contributing institutions. The significance of hydrothermal liquefaction in bioproduct synthesis and the development of catalysts to enhance efficiency and reduce waste were highlighted, promoting sustainable development.