This chapter systematically explores the technological framework of behavioral computing, emphasizing its foundational theories and methodological categorizations. Section 3.1 provides an overview of behaviorism and its influence on contemporary research paradigms, illustrating how behavioral theories shape the evolution of research paradigms. Section 3.2 categorizes behavioral computing methods into three core dimensions: behavioral inference, behavioral modeling, and behavioral simulation. These methodologies serve as the backbone for analyzing, abstracting, and replicating behavioral patterns, offering robust solutions for complex, data-driven problems. Together, these sections provide a comprehensive framework, bridging theoretical underpinnings with practical applications to showcase the multifaceted potential of behavioral computing.