The textile industry uses high amounts of water, chemicals, and energy, particularly in the dyeing process. This has led to significant environmental concerns in this sector. This is why the textile sector is considering finding more efficient and sustainable ways to color textiles without deteriorating the final product’s quality. One sustainable solution is the surface modification of such textiles. Surface modification of textiles alters the surface characteristics of fibers allowing the dye to bind more effectively. This approach cuts down the usage of harmful chemicals and reagents significantly. Besides just improving dyeability, surface modification techniques can produce multi-functional textiles with properties like UV protection, water repellency, and bacteria resistance. Thus, the industries’ shift towards sustainable coloration is proving to be a part of the broader goal to innovate the processing of textiles.