The construction industry is currently being pushed towards the use of eco-friendly materials to reduce environmental impact and carbon emissions. Lightweight bricks, which consume fewer natural resources, offer a promising alternative. This review focuses on the mechanical properties, water absorption, and density of lightweight bricks produced using eco-friendly materials such as fly ash, rubber powder, and agricultural waste as substitutes for traditional materials. The review method involved collecting data from accredited international scientific articles. Articles containing quantitative data on compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, and density of eco-friendly lightweight bricks were selected. Comparative analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of different substitute materials on these properties. Results showed that the compressive strength of bricks with eco-friendly substitutions ranged from 5.87 to 43 MPa, with the highest strength achieved using steel fibers and date seeds. The highest flexural strength was obtained from using date seeds and steel fibers, reaching 7.75 MPa. Water absorption varied, with corn cob ash demonstrating the lowest value, while HDPE exhibited the highest. The density of the bricks ranged from 1161 to 2375 kg/m3, indicating that not all eco-friendly materials reduce density. Overall, the review highlights the potential of eco-friendly materials to enhance the performance of lightweight bricks while mitigating environmental impact.