Effect of Variation in the Number of Runner Blades on Gravitation Water Vortex Turbine Performance Using a Conical Basin
摘要
Water energy sources with low heads are quite common in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas. If these could be harnessed for pico-hydro power generation, they have the potential to become an independent energy source that could meet household electricity needs in rural areas of Indonesia that are not yet connected to the grid. In this study, three turbine runners with different numbers of blades (3, 5, and 7 blades) were designed for use in a Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine (GWVT). Initially, the runner designs were analyzed using CFD simulations to examine the performance of each type, and then they were constructed for comparison with experimental tests on a conical basin. The two runner design factors considered were the number of blades (N) and the inclination angle of the blades with respect to the vertical plane. At the same time, the varied test parameter is the water flow discharge. The results of this research are expected to be applied to the electrical energy generation in rural areas of Indonesia. From the simulation analysis results, the highest value of turbine efficiency of 39.52% is obtained from a turbine with a number of runner blades of 7 blades with a flow rate condition of 1075 LPM and the blade inclination angle of 10°. Meanwhile, the highest difference between the simulated and experimental values is 0.24%.