Worldwide waste plastics are becoming a large problem. Much talk goes on about pathways of this kind wasted and its great environmental impact. During the period of 1950–2015, over 8.3 billion metric tons were produced, and nearly four-fifths of those plastics ended up in landfills. Over 12,000,000,000 metric tons of plastic trash would most certainly be buried in the earth below us by 2050 (Geyer et al. 2017). Plastic debris accounts for 61–87% of plastic floating litter in our oceans, with around 8.75 million metric tons estimated to be entering the ocean per annum from land-based sources (Jambeck et al. 2015; Barboza et al. 2019; Tekman et al. 2019). On the other hand, when it breaks down into even smaller fragments, such as microplastics (MPs) and submicron nanoplastics (NPs) (<1 mm), the problem is exacerbated (Wright et al. 2020). Today it is estimated that there are over 5.25 trillion plastic particles floating on the world’s oceans (Eriksen et al. 2014). More scientific research conducted by Uddin et al. (2020) revealed that deeper insights into the contribution of MPs to the aquatic world range around 1.471015 in terms of annual deposits of processed effluent from wastewater treatment plants, and MPs have an approximate value of 3.851016 annually due to untreated disposals (Uddin et al. 2020). Microplastics are found in a range of environmental components, including marine (rivers, estuaries, and inshore and pelagic waters) and terrestrial phases (Bao et al. 2023). Aerosols are now contributing a significant part of the MPs’ total human exposure since they have recently gained a certain level of confidence among the general population (Dewika et al. 2023). A series of studies have pointed to MPs being transported up to 95 kilometers on a single journey. MPs are formed in the air through numerous processes and sources, including washing and tire abrasion, furniture degradation, vinyl chloride and PVC production (Habibi et al. 2022) and city dust contamination (Fig. 16.1).