In the widely preferred flexible pavements, bituminous mixes are quite commonly used in the base, binder, and wearing courses, that is mainly comprise coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, fillers, and the bituminous binder. Additionally, the requirement of good quality aggregate is crucial for pavement performance and is always a necessary demand among pavement construction engineers. However, the depletion of natural aggregate sources, environmental concerns, government restrictions, and regulations from judicial bodies and environmental agencies have led to a pertinent need to explore alternative options for natural stone aggregates. One such widely explored option for pavement construction is steel slag, a co-product in steel manufacturing. Classified as blast furnace, air-cooled blast furnace, ladle furnace, basic oxygen furnace, and electric arc furnace (EAF) slags, steel slag comprises 20–30% of the mass of crude steel produced. Indian steel industries generate approximately 18.5 million tons of steel slag annually, with most ending up in landfills and a small portion used in cement, railroad ballast, and the glass industry. Re-utilizing steel slag in pavement construction can effectively address the shortage and overexploitation of natural stone aggregates. This study reviews the literature on using steel slags in bituminous mixes, revealing enhanced pavement performance in terms of enhanced deformation resistance, extended fatigue life, low draindown, reduced bituminous course thickness, lower energy usage, carbon footprint, and overall material, construction, and maintenance costs.