Scheduling is a widespread issue in the educational sector, and the process of finding a solution is complex. This systematic review is intended to help summarize most recent findings and identify relevant research regarding the university course timetabling problem (UCTP) as a popular optimization problem within the scientific community. The key objectives of this systematic review are to determine the best methods for creating ideal timetables and to offer a thorough assessment of the research on UCTP automation. This includes assigning rooms and timeslots to courses while also satisfying various constraints and limitations. This review includes the utilized algorithms’ evaluation, benchmarking, and solution methodologies. Key trends and gaps in this field are analyzed in the review. A lot of work is put into creating alternatives that are more robust and more efficient. Hence, the manual approach costs educational institutions significant amounts of resources like money, time, and effort, as it is a time-consuming, complex task that must be performed at the beginning of every semester while also ensuring that there are no conflicts between courses or resources.