The Dark Hypercharge Symmetry
摘要
We propose a novel class of \(U(1)_X\) symmetries where Standard Model fermions are chiral. To ensure gauge anomaly cancellation, we introduce three SM-gauge-singlet dark fermions charged under this symmetry. Chiral solutions are presented systematically for cases where (a) one, (b) two, or (c) all three SM generations are charged under \(U(1)_X\) . We refer to these as “Dark HyperCharge (DHC) symmetries”, as the lightest dark fermion could serve as a viable dark matter candidate. The new \(Z'\) gauge boson associated with this symmetry couples to all SM fermions at tree level, with charges set by anomaly cancellation. Using benchmark models, we explore the phenomenological implications in both heavy ( \(M_{Z'} > M_Z\) ) and light ( \(M_{Z'} < M_Z\) ) \(Z'\) scenarios. For a heavy \(Z'\) , we examine collider constraints and the viability of the lightest dark fermion as dark matter. In the light \(Z'\) case, we analyze constraints from recent COHERENT data and dark matter direct detection experiments.