Surface Plasmon (SP) optical tweezers represent an innovative micro-nano manipulation technology that transcends the conventional optical diffraction limit. By exciting surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on metal surface or localized surface plasmons (LSPs) in metallic nanostructures, this technology generates optical hotspots at subwavelength scales, enabling the high-precision trapping and manipulation of microscopic objects. Leveraging their flexible all-optical modulation capability and significant local field enhancement properties, SP optical tweezers have demonstrated unique advantages in the non-contact manipulation of biological samples. This chapter introduces the fundamental principles of SP optical tweezers and their typical system designs, thoroughly exploring LSP systems based on structured substrates and SPP systems on smooth surfaces. Additionally, it outlines multimodal manipulation systems incorporating factors such as thermophoresis and electro-plasmonics. The chapter details the applications of SP optical tweezers at cellular, subcellular, and molecular scales, demonstrating their precise trapping capabilities across various scales and extensive application prospects. Finally, this chapter envisions the future development directions of SP optical tweezers and their potential impact on scientific research.