With the development of network technology, the demand for high performance mathematics and data transmission reliability is increasing, and the concept of multipath transmission comes into being. Multipath Transfer (Multipath Transfer) is a network communication technology that uses multiple paths to simultaneously transfer data, which aims to improve transmission speed, network reliability, and user experience. Multipath transmission technology is proposed to provide users with higher quality network service experience by making full use of network resources, improving data transmission efficiency and enhancing network stability. This paper mainly analyzes the background of multipath transmission, solves the problems such as the network resources can not be fully utilized, data loss or transmission interruption, non-coding and coding oriented implementation, the existence of complex implementation, the increase of network burden, and the prospect of the future development of multipath transmission.