With the surge of raw data of low-orbit remote sensing satellite loads, the traditional X-band to Earth transmission link data transmission system design cannot meet the needs of rapid downlink of massive load data. How to realize the real-time receiving and processing of load data and the downlink of satellite-borne remote sensing data in the limited visible arc of ground station has become an urgent problem to solve. In this paper, a baseband processing scheme of mass routing distribution, distributed and parallel high-speed processing and multi-chip compressed resource scheduling algorithm is proposed, and a satellite-based mass data processing and transmission system based on Ka-band high-speed transmission technology to the ground is proposed, which improves the operational efficiency of the satellite.