By analyzing the strength, frequency, and time ratio data of environmental and load factors that play a crucial role in the corrosion failure of the cast aluminum base of a specific shipborne equipment, a coupling test method for marine environment and impact loads on cast aluminum components was designed. This method includes cyclic acid salt spray tests, solar radiation tests, simulated seawater splashing salt spray tests, and simulated impact tests. Four cycles of coupling test verification were conducted on the cast aluminum base and material. The results indicated that the corrosion morphology, development process, and failure mechanism of the test specimens were consistent with the actual corrosion conditions of the base after use, effectively reproducing the corrosion damage process and mechanism observed in the cast aluminum base of the specific shipborne equipment after four years of actual use, demonstrating strong simulation and acceleration capabilities.