As a cutting-edge detection technology, terahertz biosensors have received widespread attention for their high sensitivity and non-invasive characteristics in the biomedical field. This paper focuses on the research progress of the Terahertz team of the Innovation Institute in the field of terahertz biophysics, including its applications in various fields such as biomolecular sensing detection and biological effects. The article focuses on the optimization strategy of terahertz sensing technology and the technical challenges it faces, as well as discussing the team's progress in applying terahertz and bioeffects in a number of fields, while looking ahead to the potential applications of terahertz technology in biomedical fields. Such innovative research is currently facilitating the development of miniaturized biosensing systems, thus enabling the evolution of terahertz biosensing technology towards user-friendly and immediate applications. The future of terahertz biosensing and effects is promising, and researchers will continue to enhance their technological research and expand their applications to critical areas.