Vacuum Ultraviolet and Visible Spectral Measurements for Simulated Saturn Entry in the X2 Expansion Tube
摘要
This paper reports Saturn entry tests conducted in the X2 expansion tube at the University of Queensland. The stagnation streamline radiation measurements were performed on the shock layer preceding a cylindrical test model using emission spectroscopy systems that targeted the vacuum ultraviolet, visible, and infrared regions. No radiation was detected in the infrared region by the spectroscopy system. The vacuum ultraviolet system observed the Lyman series, while the visible system detected the Balmer series. Precursor radiation, specifically Lyman- \(\alpha \) , Balmer- \(\alpha \) , and Balmer- \(\beta \) transitions were detected preceding the shock. These precursor emissions could be originated from the freestream being heated by high-temperature acceleration gas or by the radiating shock layer. Additionally, the presence of H \(_2\) near the shock was indicated by the observation of the H \(_2\) molecular band in the vacuum ultraviolet region. The spectra near the wall were averaged and compared with CEA/NEQAIR calculations. Transitions from higher energy levels tend to be more overpredicted using the equilibrium assumption, which suggests the flow is still in non-equilibrium.