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The Third Front construction (1964–1980), emerging as a significant national strategic decision tailored to the geographical landscape of China during the Cold War period, represents the interplay of strategy and spatial positioning under the influence of strategic preparedness factors. The influence of the military principle of ‘dispersal and concealment in the mountains’ has necessitated a specialized consideration in the planning and construction of Third Front factories and mining bases on how to closely integrate with complex terrain. During this period, it ushered in new architectural paradigms and technological explorations and profoundly influenced the design methods, architectural standards, and architectural education of modern Chinese architecture at that time. Using Architectural Journal (建筑学报) and relevant archives from the 1960s to the 1980s, this paper examines early China’s exploration of mountain architecture and other areas of Chinese architectural engineering and technical scientific networks. This paper illuminates the development of Chinese modern architecture from a new and hitherto underexplored perspective, enriching the historical narrative and theoretical understanding of China in Cold War architectural history. It also provides practical insights into the current ‘new Cold War’ situation.

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Building for Cold War Confrontation: Independent Exploration and Knowledge Transfer in the Third Front Construction

  • 会议论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Yizhuo Gao,
  • Gangyi Tan,
  • Charlie Q. L. Xue

摘要

The Third Front construction (1964–1980), emerging as a significant national strategic decision tailored to the geographical landscape of China during the Cold War period, represents the interplay of strategy and spatial positioning under the influence of strategic preparedness factors. The influence of the military principle of ‘dispersal and concealment in the mountains’ has necessitated a specialized consideration in the planning and construction of Third Front factories and mining bases on how to closely integrate with complex terrain. During this period, it ushered in new architectural paradigms and technological explorations and profoundly influenced the design methods, architectural standards, and architectural education of modern Chinese architecture at that time. Using Architectural Journal (建筑学报) and relevant archives from the 1960s to the 1980s, this paper examines early China’s exploration of mountain architecture and other areas of Chinese architectural engineering and technical scientific networks. This paper illuminates the development of Chinese modern architecture from a new and hitherto underexplored perspective, enriching the historical narrative and theoretical understanding of China in Cold War architectural history. It also provides practical insights into the current ‘new Cold War’ situation.