Risk Factors of Renewable Energy Infrastructure Projects in Malaysia
摘要
Malaysia’s energy sector is a mix of traditional and renewable resources, including oil, gas, coal, hydropower, and solar energy, which are key to the nation’s sustainable growth. The country has implemented strategic energy policies to address current and future demands, with a growing focus on renewable energy. This shift has significant social, economic, and environmental implications. The aim of this study is to improve the risk of renewable energy implementation. The objective is to identify the risk factors that can impact renewable energy infrastructure projects, such as technical, financial, regulatory, environmental, and operational risks. An online survey was distributed to fifty industry experts from regions with active green infrastructure, such as Sarawak, Selangor, and Kuala Lumpur. The collected data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), employing Reliability Analysis and Mean Analysis. The study reveals various risk factors. Governance issues, political concerns, income effects, property values, and energy prices are all examples of social risks. Economic risks are associated with the high costs of new technology, whereas environmental risks focus on waste, biodiversity, and ecosystem disturbance. Overall, this study assesses the hazards associated with Malaysia's renewable energy infrastructure, providing useful insights into effective risk management measures for sustainable energy transitions.