Operating Room nurses face various psychosocial challenges, leading to emotional exhaustion and burnout. This study aims to assess burnout levels in this professional group and identify the contributing factors. A quantitative, descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 154 operating room nurses applying a questionnaire and the Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey. The results revealed a high prevalence of burnout (61%), influenced by both sociodemographic factors and workload duration. Contractual nurses displayed lower levels of personal fulfilment. The study limitations include sample size and scale restrictions while future research should incorporate qualitative methods to comprehensively understand burnout. Furthermore, the findings underpin the need to implement preventive measures not only to reduce burnout among operating room nurses but also to improve their well-being and, consequently, their working productivity.