The chapter explores the application of metagenomics in understanding and addressing antibiotic resistance (AR) across diverse environments. Metagenomics, which enables the analysis of microbial communities without the need for culturing individual species, provides valuable insights into the prevalence, mechanisms, and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Various metagenomic approaches, including shotgun sequencing, targeted metagenomics, and functional metagenomics, are discussed for their role in detecting ARGs and identifying their association with mobile genetic elements (MGEs). The integration of bioinformatics tools and databases, such as CARD and ResFinder, is crucial for the analysis of large, complex metagenomic datasets. Additionally, the chapter highlights the challenges faced in AR research, including the detection of novel ARGs, horizontal gene transfer, and data complexity. The application of metagenomics in monitoring antibiotic resistance in environmental settings, including wastewater, agriculture, and aquatic environments, is presented, emphasizing its potential for public health surveillance. Finally, the chapter discusses future directions in metagenomic research on AR, stressing the need for more robust sequencing technologies, comprehensive databases, and multi-omics approaches to improve our understanding of AR dynamics.