This chapter explores the widespread application of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) markers in human identification, particularly in forensic DNA analysis. STRs have gained popularity as DNA markers due to their easy amplification through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The significant advantages of STR markers, such as their high power of differentiation, have led to their extensive use in forensics for identifying both victims and perpetrators. STR typing remains the predominant method in forensic DNA profiling and highlights the crucial role played by STR markers globally. The article discusses the technology and issues involved in STR typing, including the use of multiplex PCR amplification and capillary electrophoresis for genotyping. Additionally, it notes that modern methods for human identity testing routinely employ STR typing, contributing to the reexamination of previously closed cases with insufficient evidence. Overall, the review provides a concise overview of the effectiveness of STR technology in forensic DNA analysis and human identification.