The No. 8 coal seam in the Ordos Basin is buried at a depth exceeding 2000 m and holds vast natural gas geological resources. However, the strong heterogeneity of reservoir rock mechanics properties and densely distributed cleats pose significant challenges for hydraulic fracturing operations in deep coalbed gas reservoirs. Currently, there is no systematic theoretical framework for optimizing fracturing construction parameters tailored to the characteristics of deep coalbed gas reservoirs. To address this issue, this study established a numerical simulation model for three-dimensional segmented fracturing and post-fracturing productivity of horizontal wells. The model was calibrated and validated against field hydraulic fracturing construction curves and microseismic monitoring results. Using this model, we analyzed the impact mechanisms of cleat distribution density, cleat angle, and cluster ratio on hydraulic fracture propagation behavior in deep coalbed gas reservoirs. By comparing fracture network scales and post-fracturing productivity, we optimized proppant combinations and fracturing construction parameters. Research findings indicate that larger cleat angles are more easily activated. Stronger cleat heterogeneity and higher density result in shorter hydraulic fracture lengths and increased complexity of fracture networks. In the study area, optimal post-fracturing productivity was observed with a cluster ratio of 6/3 and cluster spacing between 14 to 18 m.