China's coal bed gas development has a history of more than 30 years, and the current annual output of gas can reach 8 billion square meters. However, the current development of coalbed methane is also faced with many problems, one of which is the large proportion of low-yield and low-efficiency wells in each coalbed methane field. In view of low production and low efficiency wells, each company has carried out the treatment work, but the results are little. Gucheng 4 well area is located in Qinnan block of Qinshui Basin, with good geological conditions, but almost all wells are low-yield and low-efficiency wells at present, which is a good low-yield and low-efficiency well treatment research block. Based on the Gu4 well area of Qinnan Block, this study starts from the formation causes of low-productivity and low-efficiency wells, analyzes the formation causes of low-productivity and low-efficiency wells from geological factors, fracturing effects and discharge and production continuity, and proposes the treatment plan of low-productivity and low-efficiency wells according to the formation causes in combination with the latest stimulation measures. This study can provide technical support for improving the development effect of Qinnan Block. It can also provide the method guidance for the treatment of domestic blocks with low production and low efficiency wells.