Biotechnology and Digital Revolution for Climate Smart Crops
摘要
Biotechnology and digital technologies are the viable drivers of change to be part of revolution in research and development to combat changing climatic conditions by climate smart crops. Climate smart crops are resilient to extreme meteorological conditions like fluctuating temperature, rainfall, and increased CO2 level. These crops maintain the soil health and increase productivity. Biotechnology itself plays a pivotal role through diverse and sustainable techniques to overcome the vagaries of biotic and abiotic stresses, e.g. genetic engineering, tissue culture, genomics, and genome editing. New and resistant genotypes are evolved through genetic engineering technology. Similarly, CRISPR and other gene-editing tools developed crop varieties which are resistant against intense climatic conditions. Marker-Assisted selection is another technique which selects the desirable traits by using molecular markers and speed up the breeding process. Digital technology is the most recent era of farming that is very helpful for farmers in agricultural practices. Various digital technologies have been introduced for proficient farming like artificial intelligence (AI) that provides information on all aspects of farming, plant growth-related issues and ultimately recommends essential actions to improve productivity and sustainability. Drones and satellite monitor the growth parameters and field condition and provide relevant data. Along with these, there are many other devices and systems being used to record the real time data. Precision agriculture, robotics, AI, and mobile applications are the latest digital technologies, ICT are the pre-requisites of modern agriculture to sustain growth and production quantum.