This chapter introduces the readers to the composition of economy, and its evolution over the recent decades to include two more sectors in addition to the long-held three sectors, namely primary, secondary, and tertiary. After offering a broad understanding of these economic sectors that create jobs, incomes, and wealth for the society, the chapter examines the relationship between economy and agriculture and dwells upon the dynamics of this relationship in the context of India to open the window to secondary agriculture. The concepts of secondary agriculture as prevail across the globe as also in India are discussed to highlight that there is so far no consensus around its dimensions and definitions. Finally, the chapter provides the authors’ concept of secondary agriculture which is more inclusive than any other and recommends it for the India with a view to responding to the high demand for jobs in a positive manner.