Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) is crucial for future decarbonization, significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. CO2 pipeline transportation, a vital component of CCUS, connects capture sites to storage or utilization locations. Despite its importance, it faces challenges in construction, data analysis, and maintenance. This review highlights the innovative application of digital twin (DT) technology to enhance pipeline construction, data processing, condition monitoring, and maintenance prediction. Future research should aim to standardize the DT framework for CO2 pipeline transportation, explore advanced data integration and analytics, and extend the DT to more complex pipeline networks, etc., to fully utilize the advantages of the DT and help achieve the green and low-carbon goals.