The present research concentrates on optimizing ant colonies and recognizing edges in image processing. In the processing of images, the border of the image is highlighted via edge recognition. Ant colony optimization, on the other hand, is responsible for identifying the optimal solution to a given issue. It is suggested that ACO be integrated with an edge detection method in this project. This study took into account previous work in image processing, edge recognition, and ant colony optimization, among others. In the problem statement, the preceding research's findings have been expanded upon. The need for ant colony optimization has highlighted the need for edge detection in image processing. Different ACO situations, like Traveling Salesman, Binary Knapsack, and Quadratic Assignment Problem, have been simulated using technical methods such as ACO's. Furthermore, a system for detecting edges in pre-processed pictures as well as in-process images is also in place.