Inhalation therapy is utilized frequently to treat respiratory problems in children, including asthma. However, only a tiny fraction of inhaled drugs successfully reach the lungs, which reduces their effectiveness. Most pharmaceutical delivery systems and inhalation protocols are formulated and researched for adults, with doses adjusted for children based on their body weight. The relevance of physiological aspects, such as airway size and breathing strategies, as well as physical elements connected to particle mobility, such as aerosol dynamics, in influencing how particles are deposited in the body, has long been acknowledged. However, the use of this knowledge in understanding how these factors affect younger populations has been constrained. So computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an initial method to investigate potential techniques for improving aerosol deposition in children. A computational model is utilised to recreate the movement of air and particle in the upper respiratory tract, with age groups ranging from 5 years old to adulthood. The model represents the anatomy of the upper airway in a basic but precise manner. Current chapter signifies modern advancements, technologies associated for CFD and inhalation based targeted drug therapy for upper respiratory tracts and associated current status and future prospectives.